“Cholesterol Drug Use Raises Questions About Side Effects”. Wall Street
Journal, January 31, 2002
Some of the most popular drugs in the country lower
cholesterol and dramatically reduce heart-attack risk. But
what else do they do? As new government cholesterol standards
could triple the number of people taking the drugs to 36
million, doctors and patients want more-solid information on
the side effects. The class of drugs known as statins includes
blockbuster brands Lipitor, Zocor and Pravachol, among others.
Like all powerful drugs, statins have side effects.
The problem is that some of the alleged side effects, such as
muscle aches and memory loss, also are common complaints of
the elderly. "Most people taking these drugs are older
people," says New York physician Paul J. Rosch, professor of
medicine and psychiatry at New York Medical College. Beatrice
A. Golomb, the UCSD assistant professor of medicine leading
the study, says common complaints from patients taking statins
include being unable to remember the name of a grandchild,
walking into a room and forgetting why you are there, or
starting a sentence and being unable to finish. Some complain
of personality changes or irritability.
What is known about statins is that they can
dramatically lower cholesterol, and that may be the problem
when it comes to side effects. Although cholesterol has been
vilified as a culprit in heart disease, it is also the most
common organic molecule in the brain. Some researchers
theorize that blocking cholesterol production, as statins do,
interferes with the brain's performance and causes muddled
thinking and memory loss. Muscle pain is an undisputed side
effect of statins, although estimates on the incidence range
from 5% to 30%. One statin, Baycol, was pulled from the market
last year after being linked to 100 deaths from a rare
muscle-wasting condition called rhabdomyolysis.
However, the type of aching muscle pain most
patients report isn't believed to be life-threatening. Paul S.
Phillips, director of interventional cardiology at Scripps
Mercy Hospital in San Diego, says his research shows that some
of the muscle problems associated with statin therapy aren't
detected by the typical enzyme screening method doctors use,
and therefore are dismissed as signs of aging.